In many ways, the shadow stands at the beginning of art history. According to Pliny the Elder, the first image was created when the daughter of the potter Butades traced her lover’s shadow. In Plato’s allegory of the cave, shadow images represent illusion, contrasted with the light of knowledge. For centuries, shadows carried ambiguous or even sinister meanings until Romanticism linked them to the psyche—most famously in Chamisso’s tale of Peter Schlemihl, where losing one’s shadow is akin to losing one’s soul. Though shadows appeared in painting earlier, they became central only in the 19th century with the invention of photography and film.

Featuring around 40 international artists, this exhibition is the first in a German museum to explore the shadow’s emancipation as an image-producing and media-reflective theme in contemporary art. It surveys shadow worlds from the existential to the political, highlighting the shadow as a meeting point of presence and absence. Both attached to the body and distanced from it, the shadow functions as trace, index, and projection surface. It emerges as a metaphor for the crisis of the subject and a key indicator of realities that lie beyond the visible.